Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce the activity of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction between carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid and then bicarbonate. This reduces the resorption of bicarbonate from the proximal tubule in the kidneys, which causes a direct increase in bicarbonate excretion and mild increases in sodium, and potassium excretion. Generally, the electrolyte effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are mild and they are typically not used for their diuretic capacity. Acetazolamide, dichlorphenamide, and methazolamide are carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors also decrease the secretion of aqueous humor (the aqueous humor is the clear fluid that fills the space between the lens and the cornea of the eyeball), which results in a decrease in intraocular pressure.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are mainly used for the treatment of glaucoma or other ocular conditions where lowering of the intraocular blood pressure has been deemed beneficial. Acetazolamide is also used for the treatment and prevention of acute mountain sickness (also known as altitude sickness) and in some types of epilepsy. Dichlorphenamide may be used to treat certain inherited muscle disorders. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may be also used in the treatment of other conditions.
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Source:drugs.com
Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide is a medication that is primarily used to treat glaucoma, a condition that causes increased pressure in the eye. It works by reducing the production of fluid in the eye, thereby lowering the pressure. Acetazolamide is also used to prevent and treat altitude sickness, as it helps to alleviate symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Additionally, it is sometimes prescribed to manage certain types of seizures and to treat fluid retention caused by congestive heart failure or certain medications. Acetazolamide is available in tablet form and is typically taken orally.
Acetazolamide ER is a medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. It is used to treat various conditions such as glaucoma, epilepsy, and altitude sickness. The extended-release formulation of acetazolamide allows for a slower release of the medication into the body, providing a longer duration of action. It works by reducing the production of fluid in the eye, decreasing seizure activity in the brain, and helping the body adjust to high altitudes. Acetazolamide ER is typically taken orally and should be used as directed by a healthcare professional.
Brinzolamide is a medication used to treat high pressure inside the eye due to certain eye conditions such as open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It belongs to a class of drugs called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, which work by reducing the production of fluid in the eye, thereby lowering the pressure. Brinzolamide is typically administered as eye drops and is prescribed by a healthcare professional.
COSOPT PF is a medication that is used to treat glaucoma and high pressure in the eye. It is an eye drop solution that contains two active ingredients, dorzolamide and timolol. Dorzolamide works by reducing the production of fluid in the eye, while timolol helps to lower the pressure in the eye by decreasing the amount of fluid that is produced. This medication is typically used when other treatments have not been effective in controlling eye pressure.
Dorzolamide HCL is a medication used to treat high pressure inside the eye due to glaucoma or other eye conditions. It works by reducing the amount of fluid produced in the eye, thereby decreasing pressure. This medication is typically used in combination with other eye drops. Dorzolamide HCL is available in the form of eye drops and should be used as directed by a healthcare professional.
Dorzolamide-timolol is a combination medication used to treat high pressure inside the eye due to glaucoma or other eye conditions. It works by reducing the production of fluid in the eye and increasing the drainage of fluid. This helps to lower the pressure inside the eye, preventing damage to the optic nerve and preserving vision. Dorzolamide-timolol is typically used as eye drops and is available by prescription only.
SIMBRINZA is a prescription eye drop medication used to treat high eye pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It is a combination of two active ingredients, brinzolamide and brimonidine tartrate, which work together to reduce the production of fluid in the eye and increase its drainage. SIMBRINZA helps to lower intraocular pressure, preventing damage to the optic nerve and preserving vision. It is typically administered as one drop in the affected eye(s) twice daily, as directed by a healthcare professional.
